Electrosurgery is contraindicated in patients with which of the following?

Electrosurgery utilizes high-frequency electrical currents to cut and coagulate tissue, which can be highly effective for specific surgical procedures. However, it poses risks in patients with pacemakers. The electrical currents generated during electrosurgery can interfere with the function of a pacemaker, potentially leading to malfunction or unexpected changes in heart rhythm. This interference is particularly concerning because it can compromise the patient's cardiac function, creating a significant medical risk during surgery.

In comparison, while diabetes, allergies, and hypertension are important considerations in surgical planning, they do not present the same immediate risks associated with electrosurgical devices. Diabetics may require careful management of their blood glucose levels, individuals with allergies need to be monitored for allergic reactions to materials used, and hypertension may necessitate blood pressure management. However, these conditions do not directly affect the equipment or the electrical safety in the same way that pacemakers do.