In the context of periodontal surgery, which treatment option should be considered if a patient refuses to stop smoking?

When addressing periodontal surgery for a patient who refuses to stop smoking, it’s important to recognize that smoking has significant detrimental effects on periodontal health and healing. However, even in the face of this challenge, various surgical treatment options can still be considered, as each approach can offer potential benefits for the patient, albeit with the understanding that smoking may impact the overall success rates.

Regenerative techniques aim to restore lost periodontal tissue, and while smoking can hinder healing and tissue regeneration, these approaches may still be attempted. Clinicians may still use these techniques to help patients regain some periodontal support, but they will need to carefully manage and monitor the outcomes.

Mucogingival techniques focus on modifying the gingival tissue for better esthetics or to improve gingival recession. These techniques may still provide benefits to patients who smoke, as they can enhance the appearance and function of the gums, although the outcome may be influenced negatively by continued tobacco use.

Aesthetic techniques, which often include procedures aimed at improving the visual appeal of the gums and teeth, can also be utilized. Though the healing process in these cases may not be ideal for a smoker, patients may still find value in these procedures to enhance their confidence and self-esteem regarding their smile.

Each of these modalities—