Pocket depths can be reduced based on the removal of which type of accumulation?

The reduction of pocket depths in periodontal therapy is most effectively achieved through the removal of both plaque and calculus. Plaque, which is a soft, adherent biofilm comprised of bacteria and their by-products, plays a critical role in the progression of periodontal disease. If not removed, plaque can harden into calculus (or tartar), which is mineralized plaque and adheres firmly to the tooth surface.

When both plaque and calculus are eliminated through procedures such as scaling and root planing, the inflammatory response associated with periodontal disease can subside. This reduction in inflammation is essential for the healing of the periodontal tissues, resulting in decreased probing depths. Thus, targeting both types of accumulation is crucial as they both contribute to the pockets' depth and overall periodontal health.

While the other options, such as solely addressing bacteria or plasma, might influence periodontal health, they do not encompass the comprehensive approach needed to effectively reduce pocket depths. Therefore, focusing on the removal of both plaque and calculus is the most appropriate strategy in the context of periodontal therapy.