Which type of incision is most commonly used in periodontal flap surgery?

In periodontal flap surgery, the most commonly used incision type is the horizontal incision. This approach is ideal for accessing the underlying periodontal tissues while minimizing trauma to surrounding structures. Horizontal incisions allow for a wide access to the surgical site, making it easier for the clinician to visualize and manipulate the tissues involved.

In flap surgery, horizontal incisions help facilitate the elevation of the flap without cutting through excessive tissue, which is critical for preserving as much of the surrounding tissue as possible. This can lead to better healing outcomes and less postoperative discomfort for the patient. Additionally, horizontal incisions are often used in conjunction with vertical incisions to create a triangular or rectangular flap, which improves surgical access and visibility.

Other incision types, such as vertical, angular, or circular, have specific applications but are not as commonly employed for periodontal flap surgeries due to their limitations in access and potential for increased trauma to surrounding tissues. Horizontal incisions effectively balance accessibility with tissue preservation, making them the preferred choice in periodontal procedures.